find命令用于在指定的目录下，通过指定的查找条件，查找文件，并且能够对查找到的文件执行相应的处理或者与管道命令结合使用。
find命令格式：
find [options] [-D debugopts] [-Olevel] [path] [expression]
[options]:
-P: 不查找符号链接文件，缺省选项
-L：查找符号链接文件
-H：不查找符号链接，如果查找到的文件不作为expression的参数
-D debugopts:
用于打印诊断信息，用于诊断find查不到你想到的结果
debugopts:
tree： Show the expression tree in its original and optimised form.
stat： Print messages as files are examined with the stat and lstat system calls. The find program
tries to minimise such calls.opt： Prints diagnostic information relating to the optimisation of the expression tree; see the -O
option.rates： Prints a summary indicating how often each predicate succeeded or failed.
-Olevel：
开启查询最优化
level的值为0 , 1 , 2 , 3
[path]:
用于指定查找目录，如果不指定，默认为当前目录
[expression]:
-amin [+|-]n: 文件被访问的时间（分钟）
+n: n分钟以前
-n: n分钟以内
n: n分钟时
-cmin [+|-]n: 文件权限修改时间（分钟）
-mmin [+|-]n: 文件修改时间（分钟）
-atime [+|-]n: 文件被访问的时间（天数）
-ctime [+|-]n: 文件权限修改的时间（天数）
-mtime [+|-]n: 文件被修改的时间（天数）
-fstype type: 文件所在的文件系统类型
-user: 文件的属主
-nouser: 无属主的文件
-uid: 文件的uid
-group: 文件的属组
-nogroup: 无属组的文件
-gid: 文件的gid
-name pattern: 文件名
pattern: 文件名通配符
*: 匹配任意字符
?: 匹配单个字符
[]: 匹配指定范围内的任意单个字符
[^]: 匹配指定范围外的任意单个字符
-iname pattern: 文件名，忽略大小写
-lname pattern: 符号链接文件指向的文件
-ilname pattern: 同-lname,忽略大小写
-inum: 指定文件的inode号
-path pattern: 指定要查找的文件路径
-newer file: 比file修改时间更近
-perm [+|-]mode: 指定文件权限
mode: 精确匹配指定的权限
+mode:任意一类用户（u,g,o)的任何一位权限（r,w,x）匹配
-mode: 每类用户的指定要检查的权限位（r,w,x)都匹配
-size n[cwbkMG]: 文件大小
c: 字节
b: for 512-byte bloc
w: two-byte words
k: kilobytes
M: Megabytes
G: Gigabytes
-type file_type: 文件类型
b: 块设备
c: 字符设备
d: 目录
p: 管道文件
f: 普通文件
l: 链接文件
s: socket文件
-delete : 删除查找到的文件
-exec COMMAND: 对查找到的文件执行命令
-ok COMMAND: 执行命令之前提示
-fprint : 列出查到的文件到标准输出
使用举例：
[root@ccdb ccdb]# date
Wed Aug 27 12:47:57 CST 2014[root@ccdb ccdb]# ll -h /ccdb
total 54G -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 479M Aug 9 01:14 arc_CCDB_20140809_4hpffnkg_1_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 481M Aug 10 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140810_4kpfi7qj_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 487M Aug 11 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140811_4npfks6i_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 502M Aug 12 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140812_4qpfngis_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 466M Aug 13 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140813_4tpfq4uh_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 531M Aug 14 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140814_50pfspah_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 502M Aug 15 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140815_53pfvdmt_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 547M Aug 16 01:15 arc_CCDB_20140816_56pg268q_1_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 475M Aug 17 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140817_59pg4mei_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 465M Aug 18 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140818_5cpg7aqh_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 607M Aug 19 00:04 arc_CCDB_20140819_5fpg9v8g_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 562M Aug 20 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140820_5ipgcjij_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 486M Aug 21 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140821_5lpgf7uj_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 571M Aug 22 00:04 arc_CCDB_20140822_5opghsce_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 621M Aug 23 01:15 arc_CCDB_20140823_5rpgkks8_1_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 457M Aug 24 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140824_5upgn52h_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 484M Aug 25 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140825_61pgppei_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 499M Aug 26 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140826_64pgsdqs_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 513M Aug 27 00:03 arc_CCDB_20140827_67pgv26t_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 14 00:03 c-3388356195-20140814-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 15 00:03 c-3388356195-20140815-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 16 01:15 c-3388356195-20140816-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 17 00:03 c-3388356195-20140817-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 18 00:03 c-3388356195-20140818-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 19 00:05 c-3388356195-20140819-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 20 00:03 c-3388356195-20140820-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 21 00:03 c-3388356195-20140821-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 22 00:04 c-3388356195-20140822-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 23 01:15 c-3388356195-20140823-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 24 00:03 c-3388356195-20140824-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 25 00:03 c-3388356195-20140825-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 26 00:03 c-3388356195-20140826-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 7.7M Aug 27 00:04 c-3388356195-20140827-00.ctl -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 10G Aug 9 00:51 db_CCDB_20140809_4gpffjc4_1_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 4.3G Aug 9 01:12 db_CCDB_20140809_4gpffjc4_2_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 79M Aug 10 00:01 db_CCDB_20140810_4jpfi7o5_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 85M Aug 11 00:01 db_CCDB_20140811_4mpfks44_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 79M Aug 12 00:01 db_CCDB_20140812_4ppfngg4_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 79M Aug 13 00:01 db_CCDB_20140813_4spfq4s4_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 91M Aug 14 00:01 db_CCDB_20140814_4vpfsp84_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 102M Aug 15 00:01 db_CCDB_20140815_52pfvdk4_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 10G Aug 16 00:51 db_CCDB_20140816_55pg2204_1_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 4.3G Aug 16 01:12 db_CCDB_20140816_55pg2204_2_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 79M Aug 17 00:01 db_CCDB_20140817_58pg4mc4_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 77M Aug 18 00:01 db_CCDB_20140818_5bpg7ao4_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 235M Aug 19 00:02 db_CCDB_20140819_5epg9v44_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 89M Aug 20 00:01 db_CCDB_20140820_5hpgcjg4_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 83M Aug 21 00:01 db_CCDB_20140821_5kpgf7s5_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 211M Aug 22 00:02 db_CCDB_20140822_5npghs84_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 10G Aug 23 00:51 db_CCDB_20140823_5qpgkgk6_1_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 4.3G Aug 23 01:12 db_CCDB_20140823_5qpgkgk6_2_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 79M Aug 24 00:01 db_CCDB_20140824_5tpgn504_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 81M Aug 25 00:01 db_CCDB_20140825_60pgppc4_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 98M Aug 26 00:01 db_CCDB_20140826_63pgsdo4_1_1_L1 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 96M Aug 27 00:01 db_CCDB_20140827_66pgv244_1_1_L1
1.查找17天以前没有修改过的文件
[root@ccdb ccdb]# find /ccdb -mtime +17
/ccdb/arc_CCDB_20140809_4hpffnkg_1_1_L0 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140809_4gpffjc4_1_1_L0 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140809_4gpffjc4_2_1_L02.查找17天没有修改过的文件
[root@ccdb ccdb]# find /ccdb -mtime 17
/ccdb/arc_CCDB_20140810_4kpfi7qj_1_1_L1 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140810_4jpfi7o5_1_1_L13.查找3天内没有修改过的文件
[root@ccdb ccdb]# find /ccdb/* -mtime -3
/ccdb/arc_CCDB_20140825_61pgppei_1_1_L1 /ccdb/arc_CCDB_20140826_64pgsdqs_1_1_L1 /ccdb/arc_CCDB_20140827_67pgv26t_1_1_L1 /ccdb/c-3388356195-20140825-00.ctl /ccdb/c-3388356195-20140826-00.ctl /ccdb/c-3388356195-20140827-00.ctl /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140825_60pgppc4_1_1_L1 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140826_63pgsdo4_1_1_L1 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140827_66pgv244_1_1_L14. 查找大于4G的文件
[root@ccdb ccdb]# find /ccdb/* -size +4G -exec ls -lh {} \;
-rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 10G Aug 9 00:51 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140809_4gpffjc4_1_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 4.3G Aug 9 01:12 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140809_4gpffjc4_2_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 10G Aug 16 00:51 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140816_55pg2204_1_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 4.3G Aug 16 01:12 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140816_55pg2204_2_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 10G Aug 23 00:51 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140823_5qpgkgk6_1_1_L0 -rwxrwSrwx 1 root root 4.3G Aug 23 01:12 /ccdb/db_CCDB_20140823_5qpgkgk6_2_1_L0
5.查找普通文件
[root@ccdb ccdb]# find /root/ -type f
/root/.bash_profile /root/.bash_logout /root/install.log /root/.cshrc /root/nohup.out /root/.bash_history /root/.lesshst /root/.bashrc /root/.tcshrc /root/install.log.syslog /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
6.查找/etc/sysconfig/中以config结尾的文件
[root@unp sysconfig]# find /etc/sysconfig/ -iname "*config"
/etc/sysconfig/ /etc/sysconfig/ip6tables-config /etc/sysconfig/authconfig /etc/sysconfig/iptables-config
7.查找/tmp/foo/目录下以install开头的文件，并删除
root@unp foo]# find /tmp/foo/ -iname "install*" -exec rm -rf {} \;
[root@unp foo]# find /tmp/foo/ -iname "install*" | xargs rm –rf
8.查找/tmp/foo/目录下以install开头的文件之外的其它文件，并增加后缀名.txt
[root@unp foo]# find /tmp/foo/* ! -iname "install*" -exec mv {} {}.txt \;
[root@unp foo]# ll total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:06 aa.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:06 bb.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:06 cc.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:06 dd.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:06 install -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:07 install.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:07 install.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:07 install.xz
9.查找/tmp/foo/目录下nouser的文件
[root@unp foo]# ll
total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 4008 4008 0 Aug 27 13:06 aa.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 doc doc 0 Aug 27 13:06 bb.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:06 cc.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:06 dd.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 4008 4008 0 Aug 27 13:06 install -rw-r--r-- 1 doc doc 0 Aug 27 13:07 install.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:07 install.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 27 13:07 install.xz [root@unp foo]# find /tmp/foo/ -nouser /tmp/foo/install /tmp/foo/aa.txt